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The Common Information Model (CIM) is an open standard that defines how managed elements in an IT environment are represented as a common set of objects and relationships between them.

The Distributed Management Task Force maintains the CIM to allow consistent management of these managed elements, independent of their manufacturer or provider.

Overview[edit]

One way to describe CIM is to say that it allows multiple parties to exchange management information about these managed elements. However, this falls short in expressing that CIM not only represents these managed elements and the management information, but also provides means to actively control and manage these elements. By using a common model of information, management software can be written once and work with many implementations of the common model without complex and costly conversion operations or loss of information.

The CIM standard is defined and published by the Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF). A related standard is Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM, also defined by DMTF) which defines a particular implementation of CIM, including protocols for discovering and accessing such CIM implementations.

Schema and specifications[edit]

The CIM standard includes the CIM Infrastructure Specification and the CIM Schema:

• CIM Infrastructure Specification

The CIM Infrastructure Specification defines the architecture and concepts of CIM, including a language by which the CIM Schema (including any extension schema) is defined, and a method for mapping CIM to other information models, such as SNMP. The CIM architecture is based upon UML, so it is object-oriented: The managed elements are represented as CIM classes and any relationships between them are represented as CIM associations. Inheritance allows specialization of common base elements into more specific derived elements.

• CIM Schema

The CIM Schema is a conceptual schema which defines the specific set of objects and relationships between them that represent a common base for the managed elements in an IT environment. The CIM Schema covers most of today's elements in an IT environment, for example computer systems, operating systems, networks, middleware, services and storage. Classes can be, for example: CIM_ComputerSystem, CIM_OperatingSystem, CIM_Process, CIM_DataFile. The CIM Schema defines a common basis for representing these managed elements. Since most managed elements have product and vendor specific behavior, the CIM Schema is extensible in order to allow the producers of these elements to represent their specific features seamlessly together with the common base functionality defined in the CIM Schema.

Updates to the CIM Schema are published regularly.^[1]

CIM is the basis for most of the other DMTF standards (e.g. WBEM or SMASH). It is also the basis for the SMI-S standard for storage management.

Implementations[edit]

Infrastructure Implementations[edit]

Many vendors provide implementations of CIM in various forms:

• Some operating systems provide a CIM implementation, for example:
  • the Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) API available in MicrosoftWindows 2000 and higher
  • the Windows Management Infrastructure (MI) API for Microsoft Windows 2012 and higher^[2]
  • some GNU/Linux distributions with the SBLIM (Standards Based Linux Instrumentation for Manageability) project^[3]
• Some implementations are Independent of the systems they support, for example:
  • Open Group's Pegasus
  • WSI's J WBEM Server

There is also a growing^[quantify] number of tools market around CIM.^[4]

Management Standards based on the CIM Schema[edit]

Standards organizations have defined management standards based on the CIM Schema:

• The Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) has heavily bought into using CIM and WBEM: they have defined their usage of CIM (called Storage Management Initiative – Specification or SMI-S) as a standard.
• Some server manufacturers collaborate in the DMTF under the SMASH initiative to define CIM-based management of servers.
• The DASH initiative in the DMTF attempts to define CIM-based management of desktop computers.

Communication protocols used[edit]

A number of protocols are defined for messages transmitted between clients and servers. The message protocols are transmitted on top of HTTP. There are two message types:

1. operational messages, which provoke a response from the receiver (RPC)
2. export messages, which are indications/events.

CIM Operations over HTTP (CIM-XML)[edit]

CIM-XML forms part of the WBEM protocol family, and is standardised by the DMTF.

Art text download freesoftrareabcsoft windows 7. CIM-XML comprises three specifications:

1. CIM Operations over HTTP^[5]
2. Representation of CIM using XML^[6]
3. CIM DTD^[7]

WS-Management[edit]

WS-MAN forms part of the WBEM protocol family, and is standardised by the DMTF.

WS-MAN comprises 3 specifications:

1. WS-CIM Mapping Specification^[8]
2. WS-Management CIM Binding Specification^[9]
3. Web Services for Management (WS- Management) Specification^[10]

CIM operations over RESTful services[edit]

CIM-RS forms part of the WBEM protocol family, and is standardised by the DMTF.

CIM-RS comprises three specifications:

1. CIM Operations Over RESTful Services^[11]
2. CIM-RS Protocol Specification^[12]
3. CIM-RS Payload Representation in JSON^[13]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^'CIM Schemas'. Distributed Management Task Force, Inc. Archived from the original on 28 September 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
2. ^REDMONDmarkl. 'Windows Management Infrastructure (MI)'. docs.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
3. ^SBLIM, Sourceforge
4. ^'CIM/WBEM Tools (in the DMTF members area)'.
5. ^CIM Operations over HTTP(PDF), DMTF
6. ^Representation of CIM using XML(PDF), DMTF
7. ^CIM-XML DTD, DMTF
8. ^'WS-CIM Mapping Specification'(PDF).
9. ^'WS-Management CIM Binding Specification'(PDF).
10. ^'Web Services for Management (WS-Management) Specification'(PDF).
11. ^'CIM Operations Over RESTful Services'(PDF).
12. ^'CIM-RS Protocol Specification'(PDF).
13. ^'CIM-RS Payload Representation in JSON'(PDF).

External links[edit]

• CIM, Standards, DMTF, including CIM Schema and CIM Infrastructure Specification.
• CIM definition, Linktionary.
• CIM definition, Networkcomputing, archived from the original on 2007-10-09, retrieved 2006-12-11.
• CIM definition, Searchstorage, Techtarget.
• CIM, Tutorials, WBEM Solutions, archived from the original on 2008-04-10, retrieved 2006-12-11.
• SBLIM, Sourceforge.

CIMTool provides a special perspective (ie window layout) for browsing the CIM. This is sometimes more convenient than a standard UML editor for browsing, especially if the UML diagrams are not complete.

In particular, CIMTool provides efficient ways to search the CIM and to follow associations through the CIM. Xbox controller for windows drivers.

If this is the first time you have used CIMTool you will need to create a project or load an existing project. The easiest way is to follow the instructions here: Exchanging CIMTool Projects.

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With a project loaded, open the browsing perspective. From the main menu choose:

Window > Open Perspective > CIMTool > Browsing

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The browsing perspective then opens and looks like this: Epson l1300 manual.

The Project Explorer (top left) shows the available projects and their contents. For CIM browsing it is only necessary to select the project (as each project has one copy of the CIM). The first time a project is selected its copy of the CIM is analysed in the background. This takes around 10 seconds in typical cases.

The Project Model View (top right) displays the CIM structure and is the centre of activity for browsing. Packages, classes and their members can be explored by expanding the tree view.

For an explanation of CIMTool's interpretation of the CIM and the icons used in this view see: UMLOWL

Selecting an item causes its details to be displayed in the Property View (bottom left) and the Documentation View (bottom right).

The Jump and Search buttons provide addition navigation options. They are located above the project model view:

The Jump button moves the focus to the opposite end of whatever property or inheritance relationship is currently selected. This is useful for following chains of a associations in the CIM.

As a shortcut, double-clicking an item in the project model view executes the jump function.

The Search button opens the search wizard which finds items in the CIM by name, displays them, and allows you to navigate to their definition.

See Searching Schemas and Profiles for more details about search.